In earthquake-prone regions, enhancing residential seismic resilience is critical, particularly in areas with an aging built environment. While governments in places like Taiwan have promoted interim seismic retrofitting as a cost-effective mitigation measure, adoption rates remain limited. This study investigates the determinants of individuals’ willingness to adopt seismic evaluation and retrofitting, emphasizing both short-term post-disaster intentions and long-term behavioral trends. Grounded in the extended theory of planned behavior, the research utilized a questionnaire survey conducted in 2024 and 2025 and analyzed responses through Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and ANOVA methods. Results reveal that willingness to adopt seismic evaluations or retrofit measures remains consistently high over time, even following major seismic events, yet risk perception alone does not significantly drive action. Instead, outcome evaluations, social norms, and community engagement exert stronger influence. For instance, mandatory risk disclosure in the housing market and peer or committee encouragement significantly increased adoption intentions. Additionally, ease of neighbor agreement positively influences seismic retrofit intentions, and familiarity with subsidy information enhances seismic evaluation willingness. Proactive information searching correlates with increased seismic retrofit uptake. Conversely, perceived benefits of retrofitting, such as improved seismic performance or property value, showed minimal effect. Findings suggest that effective policies should go beyond financial incentives, focusing instead on strengthening community-based decision-making, promoting transparent housing market disclosures, and broadening access to reliable information. This study contributes to both the theoretical understanding of disaster preparedness behavior and the practical strategies to enhance seismic resilience in high-risk regions.